What Are Pinene Compounds?

Pinene compounds in turmeric have antiviral and antibacterial properties.

Alpha, beta, and gamma-pinenes are monoterpene-type compounds. Pinenes are commonly found in plants with pungent odors, such as turmeric and black pepper. In turmeric plants, pinene compounds are mostly found in the essential oils from the leaves. Their odor can resemble that of turpentine and pine. (ii.1311 1215 1620-24)

What Plants Contain Pinene Compounds?

Herbs and spices that contain pinene compounds include cinnamon, chamomile, chaste-tree, coriander, cumin, damiana, eucalyptus, juniper berries, mace, mint, myrrh, nutmeg, oregano, parsley, pepper, rosemary, saffron, sage, sassafras, and tarragon. Fruits with pinenes include lemon, lime, and oranges. Many of these offer healthful benefits, too, whether used as a spice or as an herbal remedy (e.g., for acne, preventing cancer, thinning hair, weight loss, stress relief, or as an aphrodisiac). They can even be enjoyed in aromatherapy(ii.1311 1215 1620-24)

What Are the Potential Health Benefits of Pinene Compounds?

Research suggests pinene compounds have a number of properties that could help prevent or treat diseases: (ii.1311 1215 1620-24)

Not the true cinnamon but cassia bark (Cinnamomum cassia) and Korintji cassia (C. burmanii). (ii.15)
Matricaria recutita (German chamomile), Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile). (ii.15)
Vitex agnus-castus(ii.15)
Coriandrum sativum(ii.15)
Cuminum cyminum(ii.15)
Turnera diffusa(ii.15)
Eucalyptus globulus(ii.15)
Juniperus communis(ii.15)
The reddish-color outer membrane (called an aril) that surrounds the shell and seed inside the fruit of the evergreen tree Myristica fragrans(ii.15)
Mentha piperita (peppermint). (ii.15)
Commiphora myrrha, C. molmol, C. madagascariensis, and C. erythraea(ii.15)
The innermost seed from the fruit of the evergreen tree Myristica fragrans(ii.15)
Origanum vulgare(ii.15)
Petroselinum crispum, P. hortense(ii.15)
Black pepper is the dried, unripe seed of the woody Piper nigrum vine, white pepper is the dried ripe fruit with the outer part removed. (ii.15)
Rosmarinus officinalis(ii.15)
Crocus sativus(ii.15)
Salvia officinalis(ii.15)
Sassafras albidum, S. officinale, S. variifolium(ii.15)
Artemisia dracunculus(ii.15)
Citrus limon(ii.15)
Citrus aurantifolia, C. medica(ii.15)
Citrus sinensis and species of C. aurantium (sweet and bitter oranges). (ii.15)
A compound rarely found in turmeric's rhizome.
Ostrinia nubilalis(ii.20)

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